Description

Cephalexin 500mg – 16 capsules

Pharmacological action
Cephalosporin antibiotic of the first generation. It acts bactericidal, disrupts the synthesis of the cell wall of microorganisms. Resistant to lactamases.

It has a wide range of actions. Active against gram-positive microorganisms-Staphylococcus spp., (including producing and non-producing penicillinase strains of Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin-sensitive strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes), Corynebacterium diphtheriae; gram – negative microorganisms-Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. (including Klebsiella pneumoniae), Moraxella catarrhalis, Proteus mirabilis; Treponema spp., radiant mushrooms.

Ineffective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp. (indolpologitiona strains), Morganella morganii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Enterococcus faecalis, Haemophilus spp., Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Aeromonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., methicillin-resistant strains, anaerobic microorganisms.

Resistant to penitsillinaze Staphylococcus, but destroyed zefalosporynaza gram-negative microorganisms.

Pharmacokinetics
After ingestion is rapidly and well absorbed. Bioavailability-90-95%, eating slows absorption, but does not affect its completeness. Time to reach Cmax after oral 0.25, 0.5 or 1 g – 1 h, the value of Cmax-9, 18 and 32 µg / ml, respectively.

Therapeutic concentration persists for 4-6 hours Connection with the plasma protein – about 10-15%. Vd-0.26 l / kg.

It is distributed relatively evenly in various tissues and body fluids: lungs, liver, heart, kidneys, bile, gallbladder, bones, joints, respiratory tract. Poorly crosses the BBB unchanged. It passes through the placenta, in a small amount is excreted in breast milk, found in the amniotic fluid.

Not metabolized.

T1/2 – 0.9-1.2 h. total clearance-380 ml / min. Excreted by the kidneys-70-89% unchanged (2/3 – glomerular filtration, 1/3 – tubular secretion); with bile – 0.5%. Renal clearance-210 ml / min .

In case of violation of renal excretory function, the concentration in the blood increases, and the time of excretion by the kidneys is extended, T1/2 after ingestion – Moderately 5-30 h. displayed by hemodialysis, OK – with the help of peritoneal dialysis.

Indications
– upper and lower respiratory tract infections (pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis, angina, bronchitis, acute and exacerbation of chronic pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, empyema and lung abscess);

– infections of the genitourinary system (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, epididymitis, endometritis, gonorrhea, vulvovaginitis);

– infections of the skin and soft tissues (furunculosis, abscess, phlegmon, pyoderma, lymphadenitis, lymphangitis);

– infections of bones and joints (including osteomyelitis).

Dosage regimen
Inside, 30-60 minutes before eating, drinking water.

The average dose for adults and children over 10 years – 250 – 500 mg every 6 h. Daily dose should be at least 1-2 g, if necessary, can be increased to 4 g. the Duration of treatment is 7-14 days. In infections caused by beta-hemolytic Streptococcus group A, the minimum duration of treatment is 10 days.

In adult patients with impaired renal function, the daily dose is reduced taking into account the value of QC: with QC 5-20 ml/min, the maximum daily dose is 1.5 g/day; with QC less than 5 ml/min – 0.5 g/day. The daily dose is divided into 4 doses.

Children under the age of 10 years, the drug is recommended to appoint a suspension for oral administration. With a body weight of less than 40 kg, the average daily dose is 25-100 mg/kg body weight; the frequency of administration is 4 times / day. With an average otitis media-a dose of 75 mg/kg/day, the multiplicity of reception – 4 times / day. In streptococcal pharyngitis, infections of the skin and soft tissues, the frequency of administration is 2 times/day. In severe infections, the daily dose can be increased to 100 mg/kg body weight, and the multiplicity of reception – up to 6 times/day.

Preparation of the suspension: in the bottle add water to the risks and shake well. The prepared suspension is stable at room temperature for 14 days. Before each use, the suspension must be shaken. 5 ml of the finished suspension contains 250 mg of cephalexin.